Pressure regulating valve



July 8, 1941.

J. F. JAVVOROWSKI 2,248,354

PRESSUREREGULATING VALVE Filed April 1, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 68 59 50 I .2 g 6 12 I J 6 v V INVENTOR. JOSEPH 7". J79 NORMA/5A1 July 8, 1941. J. F. JAWOROWSKI 2,248,35

PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE Filed April 1, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 if I A A: V

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JOSEPH F'JH WORD ws KI Patented July 8, 1941 PRESSURE REGULATING VALVE Joseph F. Jaworowski, Allegan, Mich, assignor of one-half to Sam W. Emerson, Cleveland, Ohio Application April 1, 1939, Serial No. 265,496

4 Claims.

This invention relates in general to valves and more particularly to pressure regulating valves adapted to be used for controlling the flow of liquid in fiuid passages, pipes, etc. and prohibiting such flow below predetermined pressures. A valve of this type should effect instantaneous full opening and/or closing of the line, otherwise the liquid pressure will be subjected to substantial changes due to the changing cross section of the valve controlled outlet of the valve during opening and/or of closing operations. In my co-pending application Ser. No. 142,542, filed May 14, 1937, and now Patent No. 2,191,319, granted Feb. 20, 1940, I have disclosed a pressure operated valve adapted to effect such instantaneous opening and/or closing of a fluid line by snap-like actuated shiftable valve portions arranged in the valve.

The general object of my present invention is to provide a simplified pressure operated valve embodying stationary, passaged supporting and guiding means and pressure actuated shiftable valve portions within said supporting and guiding means, including an axially shiftable valve member controlling the outlet of the pressure operated valve and effecting instantaneous snaplike opening and/or closing of said outlet at predetermined pressures.

Another object of my invention is the provision of a pressure regulating valve of the type referred to above of simple and sturdy construction which can readily and easily be manufactured at relatively low cost and stands up under excessive use and abuse.

With these and incidental objects in View, the invention consists in certain novel features of construction and combination of parts, the essential elements of which are set forth in the appended claims; and a preferred form of embodiment of the invention is hereinafter shown with reference to the drawings accompanying and forming a part of this specification.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of a pressure actuated valve unit embodying the invention.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the valve unit shown in Fi 1.

Fig. 3 is a transversal sectional view through the valve unit shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on line 33 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is a cross sectional View on line 5-4 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 5 is another sectional view through the valve unit shown in Fig. 1, the section being taken on line 55 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 6 is a sectional view through the assembled chambered valve body and sleeve prior to their mounting into the valve housing, the section being taken on a line 66 of Fig. 7 to show the inlet passage through the sleeve into the chambered valve body.

Fig. 7 is a cross sectional view on line 11 of Fig. 3.

Fig. 8 is a cross sectional view on line 88 of Fig. 5.

Fig. 9 is a sectional view partly in elevation of the sleeve enclosing and tightly sleeved upon the chambered valve body.

Referring more particularly to the drawings which illustrate a practical embodiment of my invention, there is shown a pressure regulating valve 2 embodying a housing 3, a pressure responsive portion 4, and a valve body and valve mechanism 5. Housing 3, a metal casting, is provided with two inlets 8, 6 and a bypass outlet 1 adapted to be readily connected with the suction or return line of a fluid feeding or circulating system, not shown. A threaded bottom opening 8 in housing 3 permits of the valve body and valve mechanism 5 to be readily inserted into and connected with housing 3, and a round opening 9 in the top of housing 3 permits of the pressure responsive portion 4 being extended outwardly through said top, all as will hereinafter more fully be described.

The valve body and valve mechanism 5 which, as stated above, is extended through opening 8 into the cylindrical chamber Ill of housing 3 consists of a substantially cylindrical chambered body or cage H, the nut-shaped perforated end portion 12 of which is threadedly connected with the threaded wall M of the bottom opening 8. Body H, which mounts in the central bore 15 of its end portion l2 a valve seat I6, is formed with axially aligned communicating cylindrical chambers I7 and I8, chamber 41, the smaller one in cross section, being arranged adjacent to bore l5, and chamber l8, the larger one in cross section, being arranged adjacent to chamber I1 andfully open at its free end. Chambers l1 and I8 form axially aligned cylinders for a compound piston I9 forming part of pressure responsive portion 4. This cylinder embodies a portion 20 of large cross section snugly fitting chamber 18 and a portion 2! of smaller cross section snugly fitting chamber I1. its end portion axially bored to form a cylindrical chamber 22, which chamber extends over about half the length of portion 2| and has its wall perforated 0n radial bores 23 near the inner Portion 2| of piston 19 has end of said chamber 22. In addition, there are provided circumferential grooves 24 and 25 in the peripheral surface of portion 2i arranged in specific relation to each other and the said portion 2|, groove 24 being aligned with bores 23 which are extended thereinto, and groove 25 being positioned for cq-operation with other grooves and bores, as will be presently described.

Chamber l8 has its peripheral surface 25 provided with three circumferential grooves 21, 25, 29 dimensioned and positioned for co-operation with the above referred to grooves 24 and 25 and. bores 23 in piston portion 2|. Groove 21 is arranged between grooves 28 and 25 and has radially extended therefrom two bores 35, 35, which bores extend fully through the wall of body or cage H and are in open communication with chamber l8 through bores 3|, 3i in body II, which bores intersect bores 30, 30 and terminate in ring-shaped end wall 32 of said chamber l8; and grooves 28 and 29 each have radially extended therefrom two radial bores 33, 33' and 34, 34' arranged on the same diameter and extended fully through the wall of body ll. All the bores 33, 33' and 34, 34 are arranged in one plane axially extended through body H and intersect with longitudinal grooves 35, 35 arranged in the periphery of body II and parallel to its axis. In addition, there are provided in body It another groove 36 and two radial bores 3'1, the groove 36 being arranged in the periphery of body ll parallel to its axis and communicating through a bore 38 with the bottom or inner end of chamber I1, adjacent to valve seat It, and the bores 37 being arranged below the groove 29 in a slightly enlarged portion 39 of body I l. The thus formed body H of the valve structure has sleeved thereupon a sleeve or cover member All which rests upon a circumferential shoulder 4| formed on body II by increasing its cross section to enlarged portion 39. This sleeve, preferably a thin steel sleeve (see Fi 9), has radially arranged in its peripheral wall 42 openings 63, aligned with bores 30, 30' in body H, and a third opening 44 arranged in alignment with groove 36 of said body, and has furthermore its upper por tion outwardly and circumferentially grooved as at 45 and its upper end countersunk as at 26 to efiect tight sealing of said end with the inner wall 4'! of housing 3, when the assembled valve body and valve mechanism is extended into said housing and threadedly connected therewith as previously described.

Piston l9 slidably mounts in its chamber 22 a spring pressed piston-like valve member 48, which member snugly fits said chamber and is sealed against its walls by oil grooves 48. This valve member, which embodies a cylindrical body 59 carrying a valve rigidly secured thereto, is yieldingly forced into sealing engagement with the valve seat l6 by means of a helical spring 52, seated between the end wall of chamber 22 and a finger-like extension 53 on body 5! Escape of liquid through perforation IS in end portion I2 of body II is thus impossible when piston I9 is forced downwardly into engagement with the ring-shaped end wall 32 of chamber I8 by means of a spring 55 partly arranged within the perforation 56 of the upper end 2:] of piston l9 and seated against the bottom face 51 of said perforation and a vertically shiftable adjusting nut member 58. This nut member co-operates with grooves 59 in the wall of the housing 3 and will be vertically shifted on a threaded stem 55 when said stem is rotated in one or the other direction.

The stem 60 extends upwardly through the central opening 9 in the housing 3, and a flanged bearing Si in said opening engaging with a collar 52 on said stem 60 permits of the stem 60 being freely rotated until the desired tension of spring 55 is effected. The exposed threaded end of stem 60 carries a lock cap member 63 to permit of the stem being rigidly clamped to the housing in any adjusted position of nut member 53.

In assembling the valve structure, stem 60, hearing BI and cap 63 are assembled and after nut member 58 has been threaded upon stem and spring has been placed upon said stem, this assembly is placed through opening 8 into housing 3 in such a manner that nut member 58 enters its side edges into grooves 59. Then the body, sleeve and piston assembly is inserted through opening 8 into housing 3 and by rotation screw-threadedly connected therewith until this assembly is fiuid-tightly connected with the housing, an operation in which the inner end of sleeve 40 is forced into yielding sealing contact with the inner wall 41 of housing 3.

In operation, the valve structure is coupled with the circulating or feeding system by coupling one or both inlets 6, 6' and the outlet 1 with the pressure line of the system and bypass outlet 1 with the return line or the suction line of such system. Liquid from the pressure line will be charged to and through both or either inlet 6, 6' to and through openings 43, bores 35, 30, groove 21, groove 24 and bores 23 into chamber 22, furthermore from bores 30, 30' through bores 3i, 3i into chamber [8 below the ring-shaped shoulder 64 of piston I9, which shoulder is offset at 65 to facilitate discharge of liquid into chamber l8 through opening 44, groove 35 and bore 38 into chamber 22 below valve member 48. At this time, piston l9, which is resting upon the ringshaped end wall 32 of chamber !8, will be lifted against the pressure of spring 55 from wall 32 and shifted axially until the pressure of the liquid has reached a predetermined value. During this time the liquid under pressure is through bores 23 in continuous communication with chamber 22, it being well understood, that during such axial shifting of piston 19 circular groove 25 is continuously in communication with bores 3'! and therewith in communication with the groove 29, which latter groove during shifting of the piston will align with the circumferential groove 24 and therewith through bores 23 with chamber 22. At a predetermined pressure of the liquid, communication between chamber 22 and the liquid under pressure is cut off and communication of chamber 22 with bypass passage 1 is established through bores 23, groove 24, bores 33, 33 and grooves 35, 35'. This new connection effects a sudden release of the pressure in chamber 22 and permits of snap-like shifting of valve member 48 by the pressure below said valve member and therewith sudden full opening of the outlet of the valve at the predetermined pressure. This sudden axial shifting of valve member 48 is effected against the pressure of the helical spring 52, which spring forcibly held va1ve member 48 in engagement with its seat l5 during the axial movement of piston 19.

Closing of the outlet of the valve with snaplike action, as soon as the pressure of the liquid sinks below the predetermined valve, is self-explanatory, the pressure of spring 52 efiecting such closing as soon as piston l9 has been shifted by spring 55 to a position in which communication of chamber 22 with bypass I has been cut off and communication of said chamber with the liquid under pressure has been established.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In a pressure regulating valve the combination of an elongated housing having a chamber, intake and outlet ports near one end of said chamber, and a pressure release port near the other end thereof, with a readily exchangeable, pressure actuated, substantially cylindrically shaped valve unit threadedly connected with said housing and extended into its chamber for controlling communication between said ports, said valve unit including valve controlled radial passages and channel-like recesses aligned with said passages, and said radial passages being adapted to be brought successively into communication with said intake port and said pressure release port, said valve unit furthermore including passage means in open communication with said intake port, and a tubular sealing means having its one end secured to said valve unit, encircling all said valve controlled passages and channels, and sealed with its other end to said housing intermediate its intake and pressure release ports to prevent communication of said passage means in said valve unit with said pressure release port.

2. A pressure regulating valve as described in claim 1, wherein the sealing means of said valve unit consists of a metal sleeve having its one end fluid-tightly secured to said valve unit so as to encircle all passages, channels and passage means, wherein said sleeve includes perforations aligned with the passage means of said uni-t, and wherein said sleeve at its other end is reduced in wall thickness to form a yielding portion fluid-tightly contacting the inner wall of said housing intermediate its intake port and its pressure release port.

3. In. a pressure regulating valve the combination of an elongated housing having a chamber, intake and outlet ports near one end of said chamber, and a pressure release port near the other end thereof, with a pressure actuated, substantially cylindrically shaped valve unit releasably connected with said housing and extended into said chamber for controlling communication beween said ports, said valve unit including a valve chamber continuously in communication with said'intake port, and another valve chamber adapted to be brought into communication with said intake port only and thereafter into communication with said pressure release port only, valve controlled passages for effecting such communication of said second valve chamber with said intake port and said pressure release port, and a tubular sealing means having its one end secured to said valve unit, encircling all said valve controlled passages and channels on said valve unit and having its other end fluid-tightly sealed to said housing intermediate its intake and pressure release ports for preventing communication between said first valve chamber and said pressure release port.

4. A pressure regulating valve as described in claim 3, wherein said pressure actuated valve unit includes two axially aligned valve chambers of different cross section, both of which chambers are continuously in communication with said intake port, wherein said two valve chambers mount a single piston member having diiferent cross sections and snugly fitting both said valve chambers, and wherein said piston controls the passages communicating with said other valve chamber and effecting successively communication of said other valve chamber with said intake port only and thereafter with said pressure release port only.

JOSEPH F. JAWOROWSKI. 

